known_isotopes

Return a list of all known isotopes of an element, or a list of all known isotopes of every element if no input is provided.

Parameters:

argument (atom-like) – A string representing an element, isotope, or ion or an integer representing an atomic number

Returns:

List of all the isotopes of an element that have been discovered, sorted from low to high mass number. If no argument is provided, then a list of all known isotopes of every element will be returned that is sorted first by atomic number and second by mass number.

Return type:

ParticleList

Raises:

InvalidElementError – If the argument is a valid particle but not a valid element.
InvalidParticleError – If the argument does not correspond to a valid particle.

Notes

This list returns both natural and artificially produced isotopes.

See also

common_isotopes: Returns isotopes with non-zero isotopic abundances.
stable_isotopes: Returns isotopes that are stable against radioactive decay.

Examples

>>> known_isotopes("H")
ParticleList(['H-1', 'D', 'T', 'H-4', 'H-5', 'H-6', 'H-7'])
>>> known_isotopes("helium 1+")
ParticleList(['He-3', 'He-4', 'He-5', 'He-6', 'He-7', 'He-8', 'He-9', 'He-10'])
>>> known_isotopes()[0:10]
ParticleList(['H-1', 'D', 'T', 'H-4', 'H-5', 'H-6', 'H-7', 'He-3', 'He-4', 'He-5'])
>>> len(known_isotopes())  # the number of known isotopes
3352